This is a 18 mins video on the important topic of nocturia and nocturnal polyuria, which can adversely affect longivety! The usage and limitations of the hormone, ADH, antidiuretic hormone is discussed, in the context of the holistic management.
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Oliguria vs Polyuria | Urine Output | Causes and Symptoms
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They refer to how much urine you produce. The definition of oliguria is low urine output, while anuria means no urine output. Polyuria means excessive urine production.
These words and conditions are all related. They refer to how much urine you produce. The definition of oliguria is low urine output, while anuria means no urine output. Polyuria means excessive urine production. Paying attention to urine has been a medical tool for thousands of years.
These words and conditions are all related. They refer to how much urine you produce. The definition of oliguria is low urine output, while anuria means no urine output. Polyuria means excessive urine production.
Paying attention to urine has been a medical tool for thousands of years. Healthcare providers look at how much or how little you pee, what things are found in your pee (like blood or protein) and what color your pee is. Your healthcare provider, and you yourself, can learn important things by monitoring urine output and traits.
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This video shows you how to pronounce Polyuria
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VET Talks is a project by the IVSA Standing Committee on Veterinary Education (SCoVE).
This VET Talks is by Dr Sheena Warman, BSc, BVMS, DSAM, DipECVIM-CA, SFHEA, MRCVS, Senior Clinical Fellow in Small Animal Medicine, University of Bristol (UK)
© VET Talks 2015 – VET Talks is an IVSA-managed resource. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 1.0 Generic License.
You can access the summary fact-sheet for this VET Talk lecture on the link below: https://drive.google.com/open?id=0BwwLXT4yyeT0cHJpNHZNMG4xWXc
SSCoVE Home Page: http://www.ivsa-committees.org/blank
EDU+ (SCoVE Project): http://ivsascove.wixsite.com/eduplatform
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The Diagnosis Of Canine Diabetes Insipidus
Diabetes insipidus is a hormonal condition characterized by the inability of the kidneys to concentrate urine. Antidiuretic hormone (ADH) operates on the kidney to regulate the amount of water excreted in the urine. When the body requires water, ADH levels rise. As a result, the kidney retains the water and prevents it from being passed through the urine; Conversely, when the body has excess water, the kidney permits surplus water to pass into the urine.
When antidiuretic hormone (ADH) is supplied directly to the pet, the vasopressin test determines the kidneys’ ability to concentrate urine. In addition, the value of plasma osmolality — this value indicates the amount of water in the blood. When the pet is denied water, the modified water deprivation test assesses the body’s ability to produce urine.
A veterinarian can diagnose the condition of primary polydipsia or psychogenic thirst if a pet can concentrate urine while dehydrated. The brain produces insufficient ADH hormone; without ADH, the kidneys lose a significant amount of water through the urine, and the pet must consume excessive amounts of water to compensate. Nephrogenic diabetes insipidus is the most likely diagnosis because the brain produces adequate amounts of the hormone in this situation, but the kidney cannot respond.
A pet with diabetes insipidus will have a high plasma osmolality. This is because, in the absence of ADH, the kidneys would lose vast amounts of water, leaving the body dehydrated. Conversely, a pet suffering from primary polydipsia/psychogenic thirst will typically have a low plasma osmolality due to the amount of water consumed.
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Polyuria is a condition where the body urinates more than usual and passes excessive or abnormally large amounts of urine each time you urinate.
Polyuria is defined as the frequent passage of large volumes of urine – more than 3 litres a day compared to the normal daily urine output in adults of about 1 to 2 litres.
It is one of the main symptoms of diabetes (both type 1 and type 2 diabetes) and can lead to severe dehydration, which if left untreated can affect kidney function.
Causes of polyuria
Polyuria is usually the result of drinking excessive amounts of fluids (polydipsia), particularly water and fluids that contain caffeine or alcohol.
It is also one of the major signs of diabetes mellitus. When the kidneys filter blood to make urine, they reabsorb all of the sugar, returning it to the bloodstream.
In diabetes, the level of sugar in the blood is abnormally high. Not all of the sugar can be reabsorbed and some of this excess glucose from the blood ends up in the urine where it draws more water.
This results in unusually large volumes of urine.
Other causes of polyuria include:
Diabetes inspidus – a condition unrelated to diabetes mellitus that affects the kidneys and the hormones that interact with them, resulting in large quantities of urine being produced
Kidney disease
Liver failure
Medications that include diuretics (substances that increase the excretion of water from the body/urine)
Chronic diarrhoea
Cushing’s syndrome
Psychogenic polydipsia – excessive water drinking most often seen in anxious, middle-aged women and in patients with psychiatric illnesses
Hypercalcemia – elevated levels of calcium in the blood
Pregnancy
Polyuria as a symptom of diabetes
As well as being one of the symptoms of undiagnosed diabetes, polyuria can also occur in people with diagnosed diabetes if blood glucose levels have risen too high.
If blood glucose levels become too high, the body will try to remedy the situation by removing glucose from the blood through the kidneys. When this happens, the kidneys will also filter out more water and you will need to urinate more than usual as a result.
Evening Dietary Protein Intake in the Pathogenesis of Nocturnal Polyuria
Alwis U1, Monaghan T2, Delanghe J1, Everaert K1
1. Ghent University, 2. SUNY Downstate Health Sciences University
KEYWORDS: Nocturia, Prevention, Quality of Life (QoL)
Recent research has shown that nocturnal polyuria (NP) is a heterogeneous condition that may be driven by excess nocturnal free water and/or sodium clearance. Consistently, behavioral and pharmacologic interventions targeting both nocturnal free water and sodium production have garnered considerable traction in the management of nocturia owing to NP. Relatively less attention has been afforded to urea—the most abundant urinary solute—despite the fact that urinary urea excretion is known to be highly interrelated with dietary protein intake [1]. Mechanistically, the body maintains a low concentration level of urea in both plasma and extracellular fluid, which lends to a daily urea excretion approximately two times greater the total body urea pool (and thus proportionally far greater than sodium, wherein daily excretion reflects approximately one-fifteenth of the total body sodium pool) [1]. Accordingly, it stands to reason that excretion of a large quantity of urea, as would be expected in patients following significant dietary protein intake, may reflect an additional important mediator in the pathogenesis of NP. This study aims to explore the association between NP and estimated dietary protein intake.
Read the full abstract text here: https://www.ics.org/2020/abstract/498
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